Sunday, 25 December 2005

Jamrock and Reggaeton - revisited

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Entertainment
C H Campbell
Sunday, December 25, 2005

Husband-wife performing duo, Rupert Bent Snr and Cindy Breakspeare wore new shoes as the promoters and producers of an excellent show, Welcome to Jamrock, held last Saturday, December 17, at Cinema 2.

The show featured newcomers Alaine and Gyptian, as well as seasoned reggae performers Richie Spice/Spanner Banner, Morgan's Heritage, Buju Banton and the event's headliner, first blood son, Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley.

This was by no means a minor accomplishment. In fact, it is quite a rare occurrence for first-time promoters, much less first-time producers to achieve such success - their winning formula was that they went about it the right way.

The concept was a night celebrating life, liberally laced with renditions of conscious roots music and love ballads. The objective was to display the best of our internationally successful contemporary acts and current local sensations, especially the recent re-acclamation of Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley with his Grammy nominations in the categories of Best Urban/Alternative Performance and Best Reggae Album for Welcome To Jamrock.

The production strategy employed was to give each act enough stage time to rise to a crescendo - something seldom experienced in Jamaica these days. Rupert and Cindy mobilised a professional team to plan and execute the show, which was co-ordinated mainly by Headline Entertainment, which was responsible for publicity, promotions and advertising.

After costing the preliminary plans, Bent cut and carved the budget to keep it below projected income, and then the programme went into the implementation phase. All sponsors collaborated and co-operated in their common interest. Title sponsor J Wray & Nephew played a huge role in the eventual success of the show.

They deserve credit for their tremendous organisational and financial support, as well as enthusiasm.

Rupert was not only the obvious chairman of the board, he was truly the executive producer, overseeing all aspects of the production and keeping a strict eye on every budgetary line item. He and Cindy stamped their true class on the lay-out and décor of the venue.

The décor and hospitality team, led by Virginia Burke and Patsy Yuen backstage, ably assisted by Leah Tavares-Finson, worked tirelessly in creating the ambience and providing infrastructure and services for the artistes and their entourage. Damian's brother, Christian Tavares-Finson was outstanding as assistant venue manager.

John Swaby provided stage, light and sound of international standards and the technical crew managed by Robert 'Chuckles' Stewart performed admirably, quickly correcting the cracking keyboards which were affecting the quality of the sound system during Buju Banton's performance, keeping set changes to the minimum and allowing the show to end precisely at the scheduled time. Stella McLaughlan. you outdid yourself in managing artiste arrangements.

The sound engineers Mervin Williams, Noel Hearne and Ricardo Aikman excelled, but I was a little disappointed at the mix provided by Damian's house sound engineer. I thought the balance had too much top end for such a small venue and it distorted the clarity of the system.

Curiously, there was a rumour that the New Kingston Citizen's Association had filed an injunction to stop the show. This has never occurred in the history of events being held at Cinema 2. Was this a ruse, or a scud? Well. come to Jamrock anyway.

"Dem ago tired fi si mi face, cyan get wi outta de race". (Bob Marley's Bad Card)

This aside, all the artistes put on a great show and the estimated 4,000 patrons seemed to have enjoyed the entire event. One word of advice to Richie Spice - the unsuccessful attempts by your entourage to bomb rush the stage as you were introduced is unprofessional and belies your message in song.

The joint team comprised of personnel from Guardsman, Marksman and Synergy Security coalesced to facilitate crowd control and maintenance of order. Kenny, you have a good cadre of supervisors and managers who demonstrated initiative and good manpower command. This bodes well for future joint ventures.

REGGAETON

I must admit that my recent article on reggaeton has generated more response than any other I have written for this paper. The most informative, however, came from Donaldo Clarke Jnr, who was born in New York City and raised in Panama and is of Spanish, Native Indian, Jamaican and Barbadian roots.

He says, "El General did not translate the song Punany Tegereg from Little Lenny, he only translated the meaning of the chorus. The rest of the lyrics were originally written by him and are totally different." Another Panamanian artiste called Nando Boom (now turned Christian) translated the meaning of the phrase "dem bow" into Spanish but the rest of his Spanish version were also original lyrics. Panamanians of Jamaican descent started this movement as early as 1977 in the provinces of Colon, Panama and Bocas del Toro.

To quote Clarke Jnr again, "one of our great producers from Panama by the name of Ramon Bustamante said, on a local radio programme in Panama, that our music was having some trouble with the government during (Manuel) Noriega's regime.

They were ordered not to play Spanish Reggae anymore. Artistes like El General and Nando Boom left the country and migrated to New York City." They became quite successful, introducing the music to mainstream, and quickly spreading it throughout Latin America.
The Puerto Ricans fell in love with the music and started to do their own versions.

Between 1989 and 1990, Bustamante collaborated with Jamaican producer, Dennis the Menace, in the creation of the riddim, Pounda, on which Nando Boom recorded his song Pension, which became very successful in Puerto Rico.

Later, Puerto Rican producers DJ Negro and Playero met Bustamante in Panama during a live performance of Lisa M, a young Puerto Rican whose first attempts at toasting included a merengue version of El General's Putuntun.

They asked Ramon Bustamante to give them the Pounda riddim. From the early 1990s to this day, this riddim is still being used by Puerto Rican producers as the main base of their Puerto Rican reggaeton projects and they modified it, mixing sounds of salsa, Dominican bachata and hip-hop.

Nowadays, most Latin stations in the USA play more Puerto Rican reggaeton than its Panamanian predecessor and version. The airplay in Central and South America is more balanced however.
Like Jamaican dancehall reggae, Panamanian reggaeton changes style, riddims and flows annually.

Such variety makes the product much more versatile. This form also tends to cover a wider range of social issues, while Puerto Rican Reggaeton concentrates in large measure on 'perreo' (doggy dance), a term describing a common reggaeton dance move that evokes a sexual position. In Panama, the people refer to their music as 'La Piena' or simply, Spanish reggae.

I hope readers agree that the above additional information is important for students and others who use newspapers for research. Thank you Donaldo, for helping to more accurately and fully record our musical history. Thank you also to Lloyd Stanbury who reminded me of a serious omission, "Mr Vegas. has also had major success within the Latin/reggaeton community".

JONKUNNU

Traditionally, at this time of the year in Jamaica, two indigenous folk forms took centre stage in the social activities of our villages and towns. I refer to, of course, the Jonkunnu and mento music. Unfortunately, over time these have largely disappeared except in the parishes of Portland and Westmoreland.

Jonkunnu (or Jonkunoo) is a genre of music, as well as a celebratory masquerade dance form, with strong African retentions. It is characterised by the use of the Goombay drum, and is usually performed during the month of December, particularly on Boxing Day and New Year's Day in Jamaica, Belize and the Bahamas. A very similar masquerade form was also practiced in Trinidad and Tobago, but look how theirs has evolved.

On the other hand, mento is a style of Jamaican folk music that predates reggae and has greatly influenced it. Mento typically features acoustic instruments, such as acoustic guitar, banjo, hand drums and the rhumba box - a large mbira, an East African thumb piano, in the shape of a box that can be sat on while played.

The rhumba box carries the part of the music. Mento is often confused with calypso, a musical form out of Trinidad and Tobago which, while sharing similarities, is a separate and distinct musical form.
Interestingly, as early as the turn of the 20th century, mento music introduced by migrant Jamaicans was impacting on the shores of Argentina, Panama and Providencia Island in Colombia.

The golden age of mento was in the 1950's, as local performers like Denzil Laing, records pressed by Stanley Motta and others, as well as the international success of versions by singer/actor Harry Belafonte, took the music to a new audience.

These artistic manifestations can again flourish. Maybe we should even learn from the Trinidad experience in developing these precious cultural forms so as to harness their commercial value in helping to transform our tourism sector over time, into a more diverse and dynamic leisure industry.

To say nothing about patrimony or rebalancing the cultural equation, for the sake of our descendants.
Have a Merry Christmas and a productive New Year.

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Sunday, 18 December 2005

Album Review - The Biggest Reggae One Drop Anthems 2005

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Conscious, roots reggae reclaims its place
Charles Campbell
Sunday, December 18, 2005

The seed that was initially replanted by Garnett Silk in the early 1990's then nurtured by Luciano, began blossoming a few years ago. Now the evidence is in and it is reasonable to say that in 2005 the flowers are in full bloom. Spiritually uplifting music is back with a bang. Reggae music has reclaimed, at last, its pride of place as the voice of the oppressed and down trodden and the collective conscience of the world.

The double CD album The Biggest Reggae One-Drop Anthems 2005 by Greensleeves Records Limited is a comprehensive compilation of most of the Reggae hits of this year. It starts appropriately with Jah Cure extolling the virtues of life in Jamaica.

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The Biggest Reggae One Drop Anthems 2005 has tunes from 21 artistes. Each of the two CDs included consist of 20 songs. Seven of Jah Cure's songs are featured, including Longing For, These Are The Times and Poor Man's Cry. It is a pity that his handlers have behaved so crassly- their actions have done nothing to propel his personal cause. Unfortunately now, we no longer hear his songs on IRIE FM.

The inclusion of Perfect's two hits, Handcart Boy, which is one of my favourite songs as the second cut on Disc One, and All I Got on Disc Two enhances the commercial value of the double album. Gyptian is without a doubt the most exciting new artiste of the latter part of 2005 and his seminal hit Serious Times is the third cut on Disc One, and the obvious choice pick for song of the year. His Mama is also featured as track 3 on Disc two.

Whether it is symbolism or the karma of the trinity, I predict that this artiste has a bright future. Already one can garner that his head seems to be in the right place and that he speaks with clarity, just by listening to his interviews.
Anthony Cruz contributes that the Place Too Bloody and instructs the brothers that "we nuh waan no guns a dance". Fantan Mojah Hails The King and gives Thanks And Praises, meanwhile he expresses empathy with our Hungry brothers and sisters. All these songs were well received by reggae aficionados in 2005.

Richie Spice again came good this year with Blood Again, Freedom with Chuck Fender and especially Operation Kingfish which simply captivated reggae fans the moment it was released. His family has produced some truly talented singers but in his own right, Spice has the aura and personality to eclipse his brothers.

In addition to For My People on Disc Two, Chuck Fender did himself proud in 2005 with the most potent Murderer (track 10, Disc One) which probably deserves more airplay in the context of our times.

"Murderer, I see you seeking for more souls,
Murderer, you're like a vehicle out of control,
Beating your chest saying that you're cold,
Yuh just can't go around taking away life
Like my people life come cheap,
Look how many mothers you left crying,
So many children you left to weep,
Keep behaving like this,
I know yuh ending going to be steep"

Jah Mason delivers three songs including his biggest hit of 2005, My Princess Gone. Sizzla appears on three occasions including Where Are You Running To and Rise To The Occasion, full of its motivational clichés, including the chorus- "Yes, you got to be strong, and be all the best you can, the world is out there conquer your fears, and don't you wait too long..the struggle continues, yow".

Gentleman, the German reggae phenomenon, is well represented with three songs, Blessings of Jah (with Ras Shiloh), Share The Love (with Jah Cure) and Superior, his most successful single for this year. The other artistes featured present one song each, although a few never made much of an impact among the fans. Hero's single In The Ghetto and Natural Black's Far From Reality were modest successes.

The producers could not have chosen a better finale than Sizzla's Jah Works, idiomatically summarising the conceptual framework of the body of works presented.

The graphic artist's conception of a creatively skewed three dimensional Jamaican flag encompassing images of Jamaican flora and fauna, the Caribbean Sea, Haile Selassie, religious and nationalistic symbols is a beautiful montage and is used as the cover of the liner notes insert.

If you have not yet chosen a Christmas gift for that special person, then I recommend this as an excellent choice, fit for airplay at any occasion. Remember only public support will crystallise this positive direction that our artistes are venturing upon. The tide is high, the time is nigh. Me-thinks we may either ride the crest of the wave or sink forever into the abyss.

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Sunday, 11 December 2005

Reggaeton

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Charles Campbell
Sunday, December 11, 2005

Recently, in doing the research for a major project now being planned for implementation in 2006, my team did an informal representative poll on popular knowledge of the historical spiritual leader of the Haitian revolution, a Jamaican known as Boukman Dutty; the numerous Jamaican settlements spread throughout Latin America; the extent of the spread, perpetuation and influence of Jamaican mento music on newer musical genres of the region.

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DADDY YANKEE. the most successful reggaeton artiste to date

The results were quite discouraging. It was also indicative of the Northern orientation and slant of our press, educational institutions and current cultural impulses.

Even more pronounced in our feedback however, was the almost total lack of popular knowledge among Jamaicans of the latest musical genre taking Europe, North America, South and Central America by storm, right under our noses- reggaeton. Bewilderingly, this is so even though this new form and style has very strong dancehall roots and the drum pattern adopted for most of its original tunes is a direct copy of Shabba Ranks' hit tune Dem Bow. So much so that at its genesis the genre was actually known as 'Dem Bow'.

To quote Wikipedia, the free online encyclopædia, "Reggaeton's distinguishing feature is the Dem Bow beat (alternately spelt Dembow) which originated in a song by Shabba Ranks in the mid 1990s".

One thing is certain; Shabba will be more than a footnote in this chapter of world musical history that is only just blossoming.
This innovation continues the great tradition of the Caribbean as a laboratory for music and dance styles.

Salsa, meringue and reggae were all created within its shores. When you combine them, driven by a hypnotic drum track and add some earthy, sometimes explicit lyrics, reggaeton is alluring and exploding, especially in the Latin market.

It is being hyped as the next big thing in dance music-already making millions of dollars in record sales. John Echevarria, president of Universal Music Latino, the label dominating the reggaeton scene says "We've had a huge increase in reggaeton; it's taken over the tropical Latin market.

It took off first in Miami, but has also caught on. in southern California and Texas."

Daddy Yankee, the most successful artiste of this genre is quoted as saying, "over the years, reggaeton has developed a little bit of everything- salsa, cumbia, reggae and rap- that's the way we have captured such a wide audience. We have the support of the African-American and the white communities."

A decidedly 'up-from-the-underground' sound and closely associated with the underground movement of urban youth, reggaeton has become one of popular music's hottest trends thanks to Daddy Yankee and other breakout stars like Don Omar, Teg Calderon, Nicky Jam, Luney Tunes and La Reina del Reggaeton (Queen of Reggaeton), Ivy Queen.

Oye Mi Canto, the hit tune by American hip hop star Noreaga, featuring Daddy Yankee and Calderon, crossed over to become the first reggaeton single ever played on mainstream English-language stations.

Daddy Yankee's own album, Barrio Fino, released last July with the hit single Gasolina (Gasoline) has sold three million copies in the USA alone. It entered at number one on Billboard Magazine's Latin albums chart, and in an almost unprecedented move, returned to the number one spot months later.

Significantly, Daddy Yankee has become the face of P Diddy's Sean John clothing line for its spring-summer collections. Another star artiste of reggaeton, Tego Calderon, a street-smart, straight-talking Black Puerto Rican who was the first reggaeton artiste to sign with an American record label, is also the Hennessey Cognac spokesperson in America, with his face on billboards in 10 US (states) markets, pushing the liquor's "never blend-in" campaign. His album El Aballarde, released in 2003, has gone platinum.

Reggaeton beats are cropping up in Brittney Spears' songs. R&B singer R Kelly's latest CD features a duet with reggaeton's hottest duo, Wisen and Yandell and nightclubs in UK, Germany, Italy and Japan now have regular reggaeton nights. Prompted by that rapid growth giant Univision has converted eight of its 66 radio stations to all-Reggaeton formats.

Although reggaeton came onto the US Latin scene only about a year ago, it has been flourishing outside America for nearly a decade. It took root in the barrios of Puerto Rico, but its genesis is in Panama where the early exponents were fusing Spanish-language rap over reggae beats.

In the 1990s El General's hit song Putuntun was a Spanish cover of a Little Lenny's original. Since then they have continued to perpetuate the rhythmic patterns of 1980s dancehall reggae.

This is not quite as unusual as it first seems because the Jamaica-Panama connection dates back to the 1880s, when tens of thousands of Jamaicans migrated to Panama to work on the canal. The labourers settled and became part of the culture.

In Puerto Rico, youths were inspired to create reggaeton after hearing these Panamanian artistes performing the Spanish-styled Jamaican dancehall raps. Reggaeton is now immensely popular in the Dominican Republic, Peru, Venezuela, Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Cuba, and Nicaragua and in the state of California and major US cities like New York, Miami, Boston, Chicago, and Houston.

The lyrics cover such issues as life on the streets, misunderstandings, unfair situations, love, cheating, passion and subjects such as urban crime, sex and racism.

Don Omar recently headlined a concert in South America alongside international dancehall artiste Sean Paul who is currently the only Jamaican act deliberately targeting and exploiting this new fast growing market. He and Beenie Man collaborated with Ivy Queen on her album Real, released in 2004. Let us not be sidelined in the promotion of this phenomenon we spawned.

Before closing this article, I wish to comment on a few other topics worthy of our attention. Recently, a French film crew which has been on the island producing a feature on Reggae music had to postpone their shoot at Morgan's Harbour due to inclement weather. After being turned down by the University of Technology and Stephanie Hall as alternatives, they could not find another appropriate venue to use.

That speaks volumes about the opportunities we are missing in this the home of reggae. For those of us who are still asleep, brand Jamaica translates, in large part, to 'Reggae, Rasta and Recreation (sports and culture)'! The powers that be must come to realize this and begin to pump more resources into facilities and infrastructure that deepen our tourism, film and entertainment products and potential - the sooner this happens, the better for us all.

In an animated conversation at my daughter Tarik's birthday party on October 22, my longtime friend Cat Coore suggested that Jamaica should ponder the fact that the two most successful young reggae/dancehall artistes (Sean Paul and Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley) today are Hillel Academy graduates.

He pointed out that Inner Circle and Third World had a hard time gaining mass acceptance in Jamaica because of their perceived collective background. He maintained that we as Jamaicans have to become comfortable that "we too have a message with which the world readily identifies, which is authentic Jamaican".

The recent launching of the Herb McKenley Stadium is a significant addition to the options available for public outdoor events in this country.

It is now by far the largest venue outside of Kingston with adequate infrastructure (which does not exist elsewhere) including a complete perimeter wall and sufficient access and egress points, parking facilities and lawns to process and accommodate up to 20 thousand patrons. It is a pity however that the recent 'Pass De Baton' concert used to publicly launch the venue was a commercial failure due to very poor promotions and advertising.

The artistes and other interests who gave of their services at discounted prices should not continue to pay the penalty for someone else's miscalculation.

The individual who promoted this event should learn a thing or two from the entity who is promoting the Welcome To Jamrock show at Cinema 2 for Saturday, December 17, featuring Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley, Buju Banton, Richie Spice, Morgan's Heritage and Gyptian. I predict that the turn out will be a bumper and am promised some awesome performances to match. See you there!

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Sunday, 2 October 2005

Dances, Brand Jamaica, Intellectual Property and Letters from Canada

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By Charles Campbell Observer writer
Sunday, October 02, 2005

In the music industry, September is called tamarind season- a relatively quiet period in the live entertainment scene in Jamaica, although dances continue unabated. Winston 'Eva' Wilson aka Mr 'La Roose' is my very good friend. Since 1994, we have worked together on many entertainment projects, packages and products.

Some have done well for us, while others have failed. Anyone who knows Eva, knows of his famous pragmatic approach to business and life.

Recently, he called me and proposed that we work with Mikey Spice's manager, Bridget Anderson to promote/produce a concert headlining Spice. He asked me to estimate how much it would cost us to do this. On hearing the figure, his response was, "Charles, if wi have dem money deh, why boddah risk it pon stage show?

A bettah wi put on a dance." The discourse brought to memory some valuable advice I had received from Kenny Benjamin. Commencing 1990, my wife, Deninee, and I developed an ornamental fish farm. We produced and exported pet fish mainly to New York, California and Florida.

After leaving Synergy Productions inn 1994, Deninee and I worked on or produced other people's events, but did not promote our own for a while. When Kenny heard we were again promoting our own series, he said to me, "Make sure this remains a sideline".

He was of course referring to the high risk factor associated with staging events, including the various high overheads and the diverse capriciousness that the average promoter faces when contemplating such a venture.

This is especially so in Jamaica, where amphitheatres and concert halls are virtually nonexistent, even in Kingston, the so called cultural capital of the Caribbean. Dances however, are more viable because they demand less infrastructure. The average dance can be held for between JA$50,000 to JA$200,000.

Since September, 2004, to the best of our ability, we have been tallying the number of dances held across Jamaica weekly. After one year, it comes out at an average of 504 dances weekly.

In any projection of what the live entertainment sector contributes to the national economy annually, one would have to include about 10 major shows at a cost of JA$10 million each.; 18 holiday productions and another 20 regular calendar events/sessions at a minimum cost of JA$2 million each.

It would be safe to say therefore that the live entertainment circuit generates close to JA$1.5 billion to the Jamaican economy. Of course, this figure does not include the recording and sales of vinyl and CD products. We estimate that at least 1000 new tunes weekly are currently being released on the market, the production of which costs the producer anything from JA$80,000 to JA$250,000 each.

This week was National Tourism Week. Coincidentally, the world report on annual foreign investment for 2004 was also published. It reflected a significant fall-off for Jamaica in comparison to 2003.

In response to this, I heard the head of a noted international lending agency in Jamaica telling us that we have to come up with new, non-traditional projects to attract foreign investments. He suggested we look at music and sport tourism because Jamaica has a trade advantage in these areas.

Well, 'hello, Christopher Columbus!' This episode reminds of 1992 when PJ Patterson came to Reggae Sunsplash and commented that he never knew that anything of this magnitude and world class standard happened annually in Jamaica.

One of my partners then turned to me and said, 'which planet has he suddenly arrived from?' Eight months later the UDC proceeded to sell the Bob Marley Entertainment Centre - dedicated in 1983 to be used exclusively for the performing arts - to a consortium of MoBay businessmen for the development of condominiums.without a whimper from any quarter.

One has to wonder what impact Sunplash would currently have on our summer tourism were it not for that policy reversal. Perish the thought however.

Meanwhile, all week on radio talk shows, in general discussions on tourism, I kept hearing that the brand name 'Jamaica' is our strongest appeal. Our local pundits however, seem reluctant to clearly define this 'Jamaica'.

I would suggest that the best investment that could be made in Jamaica at this time is towards the development of physical infrastructure in every parish for the proper staging of live public events, especially amphitheatres with the permanent installation of production equipment and facilities to make private ventures more feasible and sophisticated so that we may begin to display our own culture in conditions equal or superior to venues where our artistes are viewed overseas.

In the meantime, on the subject of intellectual property, I hear that the International Intellectual Property Institute is pushing us to do more in terms of updating and policing our legislation, in line with new international standards.

I learnt from Maxine Stowe that some good things have been happening since the passing of the Copyright Act in 1993. She reports that an official catalogue of Jamaican music is being developed and updated regularly, although, because it is constantly being performed and repackaged, there are levels of contamination.

Miss Stowe says a lot is being done in terms of education about the use and need to copyright. People like Chris Blackwell and Byron Lee should be playing lead roles in this drive, rather than the passive position they currently hold.
A lot more research and development needs to be done on our copyright methods and avenues in order to harness and document our culture and cultural heritage and promote an understanding of the power of our 'brand'. Our challenge is a huge potential and responsibility.

My recent article on 'Cultural Integration in Canada' printed on Sunday, September 18, generated some significant responses. Some of which I'd like to reproduce here.

FROM LENWORTH HAYE
I just read your article posted on the Jamaica Observer's website and just thought I 'd drop you a note to let you know how it impacted me. I have been living in Vancouver, BC for the past three years having taken the decision to move my family here for pretty much the same reasons your father did nearly 40 years ago!

I consider (all things remaining the same) that I "gave up" quite a lot in undertaking this venture and, while we have comfortably settled (good jobs and comfortable existence) and I appreciate the immense benefits that my kids are now enjoying there has always remained a nagging discomfort with the level of "adjustments" one has to make as an immigrant in another's country.

You echoed a lot of thoughts which I have, thus far, been unable to articulate (without sounding churlish). Like you, I was the last of my family, to leave Jamaica and I still insist that like the Prime Minister, I shall return! Thanks again for an insightful and well researched article!

FROM ASTON COOKE
Congratulations on a great piece. I lived in Toronto 1989-1993 when I attended Ryerson. I wholeheartedly agree with your opinion about the divide between the culture of the Jamaicans who migrated to Canada after 1980 and those who went there in the 1970s. What a difference indeed. I too have had similar experiences with Pakistani store clerks.

The "Multiculturalism" farce created and perpetuated by the Canadian government is another article in the making. You couldn't have said it better.

FROM SANDOR PANTON
I migrated to Canada in 2001 for career reasons with a 'Five year plan' to return to Jamaica. I am in fact moving back at the end of this year so I am basically sticking to that plan.

Canada is a great place to live and maybe even to raise a family but part of why I could not stay here beyond my planned time is the subtle racism and just always being a '2nd class' citizen and not truly being integrated and equal even though they say it. When I went to high school in Jamaica I was surrounded by White, Chinese, Black, Indian, every hue just like here in parts of Canada, but race was never an issue.

I couldn't seriously consider raising children here simply because young children have so many race issues to deal with from such a young age. I can't picture them having the sort of life I had as a youngster in Jamaica, so even with crime the way it is in Jamaica, it's still a much better alternative.

I also live in a small town in Ontario where an independent study recently confirmed that black people in the town were three times more likely to be stopped by the police than white people. [Personally], I've never experienced direct racism or even obvious subtle racism here, but I know it's there [because] I've had friends with 'interesting' experiences.

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Sunday, 25 September 2005

Album Review, Welcome To Jamrock

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The whole mix from 'Junior Gong'
By Charles HE Campbell Observer writer
Sunday, September 25, 2005

AT short notice, I was issued an invitation to attend the launch of Welcome to Jamrock - Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley's third and latest studio album - by his mother, Cindy Breakspeare.

I was glad that I went for a number of reasons. Firstly, I have not seen such a turnout of journalists and media practitioners for a press launch in many years. Secondly, I was impressed with Junior Gong's well-thought-out and eloquent responses to questions put to him by members of the press and others present.

Too often I have attended these press conferences, well organised by their handlers, only to sit through the question and answer sessions where the artistes' responses are mostly incoherent or nonsensical dribble. Thirdly, I have not seen such excitement on the streets and interest in the music fraternity for a Reggae/Dancehall single in many moons.

The last three occasions being Bob Marley's Rastaman Vibrations, Shaggy's Hot Shots and Sean Paul's Dutty Rock.
The New York Times has scored Welcome To Jamrock as the Reggae song of the decade and the Miami New Times deems it "one of 2005's finest releases".

Rolling Stones Magazine and Jane Magazine mark it highly, both giving it three out of four stars. I have since listened to the album and concur with the above international media assessments of the title track from the album.

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Junior Gong's latest album, Welcome to Jamrock presents the part of Jamaica not sold to tourists

As Damian himself told Observer staff writer Olivia Campbell in December 2004, "You have one vision of Jamaica, which is the vision they sell to the tourists - the beauty of the island, the waterfalls, that kind of thing.

Then you have what the majority of Jamaicans are facing which is Jamrock; which is not such a pretty vision of Jamaica. It's a completely different vision and a completely different life, so that's what Jamrock is, that life, that lifestyle, that part of Jamaica not sold to tourists."

This song has been out since 2004 and the people have spoken - there is no need for further comment. I do, however, have comments to make on the other songs included in this album.

The album starts in military fashion, with Damian Marley interjecting dialogue from Marcus Garvey and Haile Selassie I, while warning of the inevitable eruption of civil war and strife, unless the strong begin to protect the weak. "A slaughterhouse from Baghdad to Waterhouse".

He mellows somewhat for track two - There For You, singing and sounding reminiscent of his father's raspy voice in Jah Will Be Waiting There.

When I first heard All Night, it immediately grabbed my attention with its lively soca blend in a style similar to Chaka Demus and Plier's Murder She Wrote. The music and lyrics display a frolicking Junior Gong.

But clearly the strategy for Stephen and Damian was to save the best for last and so the album rises to a crescendo with the last five songs, especially track 14, Khaki Suit - sure to do well on local and international charts.

Hey Girl is in the same loving mood as All Night, with a real dance beat and lyrical treat from Junior Gong, complimenting his girlfriend on her virtues and in turn receiving compliments.

Road to Zion is a spiritual chant with Damian again employing his raspy singing voice over mellow music and haunting background vocals. On We're Gonna Make It, we get Junior in sing-jay style, using very optimistic lyrics to project Rasta livity. The drum beat is a rapid hard drive, constantly propelling his incantations.

In Too Deep is made for the dancehall. I can already foresee all kinds of new dance moves being created especially for this tune. The jerky stop-and-go style of the music and rapping is going to be a selector's thrill while it's on the turntable.

Khaki Suit featuring Bounty Killer and Eek-A-Mouse is my favourite other song on the album. Damian uses a rap style made famous by Super Cat more than two decades ago, with comic-screeching interludes by Eek-A-Mouse coupled with the usual gruff militancy of Bounty Killer's style.

Damian's lyrics are all flippant and dancehall hype and contains samples from Eek-A-Mouse's composition, Anorexol. I'm still dancing to this one. Damian Marley co-produced all but three of the tracks with his brother Stephen Marley.

What is significant and no longer the norm, but certainly plays a pivotal role in the quality of the songs, is that all the tracks are well-structured compositions, with choruses and bridges.

The liner notes are excellently done, listing the lyrics, the writers and producers, musicians, publishing credits, engineers, studios and even where appropriate, as in Khaki Suit, composers of music samples.

Other dancehall artistes and their managers should study the way this was handled and incorporate the strengths for their own international releases.

In summary, to quote Damian Marley referring to his new album, he says, "on this one, you have all kinds of tracks, you have some spiritual tracks, you have some tracks you'd probably call rude or so. But life is like that". "Dancehall, R&B, Hip Hop...it's all about feelings.

We are not just trying to do a segment of the mix. We're trying to do the whole mix." This album certainly accomplishes those stated objectives of Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley.

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Sunday, 18 September 2005

Cultural Integration In Canada - Jamaicans In The Diaspora

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Jamaicans in the Diaspora
By Charles H E Campbell Observer writer
Sunday, September 18, 2005

In Jamaica, I am brown. I get by because I am easy on the eye. In Toronto, Canada, I am black. Shee! Don't say that too loud now, even though I am.a proud black man that is.

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Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley's tune Welcome To Jamrock was all the rave while I was in Toronto

My family migrated to Canada between 1968 and 1971, because my parents and seven sisters surmised that Canada had an excellent public and welfare system, especially in the areas of education, health and retirement benefits. I have been visiting Canada from time to time since then.

I witnessed and participated in early protests and demonstrations against racism, but found Canada's breed of racism a little more subtle than the Americans- maybe because the country has always had genuine liberal (enlightened) leadership.

I watched the first two waves of Jamaican émigrés (1960s and 1970s) educate themselves and integrate (almost) completely in their various professions and communities. My father for instance, a priest, served in the Anglican Church in various parts of Toronto and Owensound, Even after he retired, he was given a tremendous memorial service in May when he passed away.

My mother became quite popular for baking wedding cakes, Easter buns and her special brand of pimento liqueur, for which, each year, I had to buy and export to her the ripe berries.

My mother's mother was a mixture of Portland Maroons (Taino/African interbred) and Irish settlers, while her father was a famous black pharmacist in Port Antonio, Charles Buckley. She married my father A C Campbell who was a mixture of Scottish and East Indian. She bore him eight children, encompassing a kaleidoscope of black/brown shades. Her family had the 'class'. She says quite proudly, "my mother only allowed me to marry him because of his colour".

In Canada, my father's profession allowed people to choose what colour he was- he could pass. Neither my mother nor my sisters could, so they worked doubly hard to gain promotions, saved all they could so as to buy nice homes, live comfortably and educate their children up to university level.

They all fraternised with other Jamaicans and West Indians in their community- if those Jamaicans and West Indians had arrived before 1980. There are so many other Jamaicans I know who have done well in their professions and have contributed to the uplifting of others in the society.

The new governor general designate for Canada is a black Haitian émigré. While I was there, our own Alvin Curling, former speaker of the Ontario legislature, was named Canada's new ambassador to the Dominican Republic. Also, Olivia 'Babsy' Grange's mother and stepfather, Raphaelith and Gifford Walker, were honoured for 43 years of service to the Jamaican Canadian Association.

The social and racial landscape in Toronto has however changed quite significantly over the decades. What with an influx of Asians (Pakistanis and Indians) in the 1980s, Pacifica Islanders and Chinese in the 1990s (Toronto now uniquely has two active China Towns), the whole racial mix has become quite complex- no longer straight black and white. Ironically, the only experience of racial prejudice I encountered while there visiting recently, was displayed by a Pakistani store clerk.

When I related the incident to Martin Mordecai, he informed me that my experience was not uncommon. "In fact", he said, "for blacks in similar encounters, the Pakistani make you feel as if your money is dirty or of lesser value. I have never been racist, but my recent business transactions with Pakistanis have provoked that reaction."

Social scientist, Joseph Mensch in his book, Black Canadians: History, Experience And Social Conditions, said, "many Canadians are reluctant to admit that racial oppression and inferiorisation persists in this country.

As Canadians, we have a tendency not just to ignore our racist past, but also to dismiss any contemporary racial incidence as nothing but an aberration in an essentially peaceful, tolerant, charitable and egalitarian nation."

Toronto's newspapers refer to this summer as 'the summer of the gun'. It was called 'one of the worst crime waves in the city's history'. Citizens were appalled by the violence and shootings. So far 15 people have been murdered. Last weekend alone, 12 people were killed here in Jamaica, but that is relative.

They say much of the brutal gun violence is gang related. The incident most reported on and discussed was the daylight killing on Thursday, August 25 of a Jamaican-Canadian, 41 year-old Delroy George Daring, as he stood surrounded by 20 neighbours and children on a Scarborough basketball court. This sparked a sudden flurry of political activity.

Read the ensuing for echoes of our local scene. The Saturday Star of August 27 said, 'there are two versions of Delroy George Daring, the father of 10 children with three women. The people who know him say that 'he was a good man, who pulled a troubled life together to organise 'No Drugs, No Violence' summer barbeques for low income kids. The group called themselves, the 'Out-Of-Pocket Club' because no one would help them raise money".

Meantime Toronto police detectives have a different take on the unemployed furniture mover who emigrated from Kingston 20 years ago. "I have reason to believe that the idea he was, say, a completely upstanding person, promoting non-violence, non-drugs and non-guns is not fair", said detective John Biggerstaff. Sounding familiar already? Well there is the rub.

The culture of the Jamaicans who migrated to Canada after 1980 is completely alien to the earlier immigrants and they do not harmonise or relate at all. These latter émigrés are more apt to depend on the state for dole and to reside in public housing schemes.

A Star newspaper reporter investigating the killing reports, "Yesterday, the building's stairways were littered with burnt newspapers and garbage.

They smelled of urine and, in the hallways, light fixtures dangled and carpets were stained with cigarette butts. Locks on the building's doors were broken and mice and roaches scurried about. Out front, young men milled about the entrance smoking, listening to music and watching passersby".

More shades of Jamaica? Read on. Some time ago, the Ontario government eliminated employment equity that sought to balance historical workforce injustice, cut welfare rates that provided a buffer against joblessness and cut social programmes that help the struggling.

The men at the building told the reporter that Daring was trying to make a difference- he organised barbeques (read dances) which began four years ago and which offered kids a day of bliss with 'bouncey-houses' for them to play, along with raffles, soccer and dance contests.

No need for anyone to pinch you. I am not talking about Jamaica here, but surely this is our donmanship exported- manipulating the real needs of the people whom the state has forsaken as a prerequisite of this new global economic "s(hit)stem" as Peter Tosh called it.

Damian 'Junior Gong' Marley's tune Welcome To Jamrock was all the rave while I was in Toronto. I heard the song playing frequently on car stereos, in restaurants and everyone was singing.

Amazingly it is mostly disillusioned white kids who are all caught up in the red, gold and green and other visible signs and habits of Rasta culture. To my dismay I have come home to find that there is controversy locally about the video images displayed. Don't worry Junior, you never created the social conditions that you rap about.

Those that are upset should set about ameliorating them immediately.
I wish to congratulate the team of artists, artisans and workers who must have created some kind of world record in constructing 10 major floats, four minor floats, 14 effigies and four costumed groups in five working days, two of which were almost totally lost to rain, to successfully stage the National Independence Day Float Parade this year.

Jamaicans from all walks of life came out in their numbers and showed their appreciation. Don't worry about the arm chair critics who are belittling our efforts- achievers are too busy doing what must be done, those who can't play, coach.

Larry Watson is a brilliant artist and gifted builder who lead the team with wisdom, humility, passion and non-ending energy and perseverance. His story and accomplishments are certainly deserving of public exposure and honour.

Get well soon Mama!

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Sunday, 4 September 2005

The Heaviest Of The Heavy Weights

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Roger and Ian Lewis of the famed Inner Circle band pursuing new horizons as studio aficionados
By Charles H E Campbell Observer writer
Sunday, September 04, 2005

The heaviest of heavyweights, fat man riddim duo, brothers Roger and Ian Lewis are the original members of Inner Circle - a band that was a central part of the pivotal movement of the 1970s young and burgeoning musicians, who would soon overtake Jamaica and the world at large with the weight of their popularity, music and musical accomplishments and successes.

Now the heavyweights have shifted their focus away from the performing stage and have built a highly successful studio/production business in Florida.

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ROGER LEWIS... 1C Oxford was were Inner Circle started (Photo: Karl McLarty)

In this special feature Roger and Ian speak frankly about their early involvement with reggae, the Inner Circle, Jacob Miller and their studio/production business.

"1C Oxford Road, which is now Mas Camp, was where it really all started. That was a place with a lot of vibes. It was a time (late 1960s, early 1970s) when vibes used to run through all of Jamaica. It's interesting that now Mas Camp still represents and is known for that kind of cultural and musical vibes that was prevailing then.

A whole heap of vibes - Yuh had the poets, like Mutabaruka, Kiddus I, Ras Michael, Jeffery Chung and Now Generation. Ruth Sherman had a restaurant nearby and Cindy Breakespeare used to be in there. Bob [Marley] used to come around with [Allan] Skill [Cole] and a bag a man, it was a vibes man," a reflective Roger Lewis said as he reminisced on the formative days of his involvement with music and the formation of the Inner Circle.

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IBO COOPER... given props for early direction of Inner Circle

Inner Circle, according to Lewis was an apt name for a working band that would have passed through its learning streams some of Jamaica's finest musicians including Stephen 'Cat' Coore, Prilly Hamilton, Funky Brown, Carl Barovier, Douglas Guthrie, Charlie Roberts and Michael 'Ibo' Cooper.

"I have to give Ibo (Cooper) his props, as a musician and the kind of musician who can lead a band or do anything musically. I can say that it was from him that I really learnt. Ibo was very disciplined, but moreover he knew the music. He had the training and was so able to teach many of us. He was fearless, because he knew the music. Musically, I must give him his props, big props," Roger Lewis said.

In 1971, Inner Circle took on the invitation to be a backing band on Michael Manley's PNP Bandwagon, which significantly aided Manley to reach the masses and gained him his landslide victory in February 1972. All along this islandwide showcase, Inner Circle backed many of the premier Jamaican artistes of the era including, the Wailers, Junior Byles, Clancy Eccles, Marcia Griffiths, Brent Dowe (of the Melodians), Max Romeo and Ken Boothe.

"The bandwagon was really the beginning of a melting pot, a fusion of the earlier music and the new music, as well as a bridging of the Jamaican society and Rasta.

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Tommy Cowan (left), Roger and Ian Lewis. (Photos: Karl McLarty)

The climate and the music were so free. The musicians weren't politically connected. It was not as though we were using the music to politically mastermind the people. It was just fun to be playing music, we never even thought about politics," Roger Lewis said.

A transition came for the band when both Cat and Ibo decided to leave Inner Circle to form their own outfit, Third World, in 1973. By this time, Inner Circle had steadily moulded itself into a show band, with the sole duty of entertaining.

They so perfected the craft of performing a barrage of dance hits spanning different genres that they were packing choice venues of the era like Witches' Hideaway (Holiday Inn), Casa Monte Hotel (Stony Hill) and Turntable on the famed Red Hills strip in Kingston. In addition, Inner Circle was running the north coast hotel circuit red hot.

"I always marvelled at the sight of the people who came out to the dance, having a difficulty dancing, when they wanted to watch the group," commented Tommy Cowan about the group's showmanship and influence at the time.

In 1974, the band flew off to San Francisco to work as a backing band for a series of shows with Fredrick "Toots" Hibbert among others.
"On that tour, we saw Dennis Brown a sing him own songs, Toots a sing him own songs, an' we seh but wait, this ting yah nuh hard.

People were excited and knew their tunes while we were playing someone else's tunes," Roger Lewis said.
The band made a qualitative leap forward when they linked with singer Jacob Miller.

"We really found ourselves with Jacob Miller and that was when we really draw a gear. That was when Inner Circle really began as Inner Circle.

That was when we got into the original music, the writing of songs and coming out with Tommy Cowan. When we used to play dance music, like top 40 hits at Drumblair dances and Casa Monte, all 'bout, Jakes (Jacob Miller) used to come as a likkle yute and cuss we and laugh after we and seh "yeah unnu a fight 'gainst me, but me a di greatest singer", "dem bwoy deh a eediat".

And we used to seh "dis likkle fat eediat breddah, everywhere we go the man come 'round and jus a trouble people and all dem ting deh". And he used to predict, "yuh can gwaan, unnu a go come fi me". And mi used to always a seh, "which eediat breddah dat? Everywhere we go this fat bwoy just come 'round and a give pure trouble.

Jakes was a prankster, a real trouble-making man. One day I finally said to him, "awright Jakes, come round, mek we do a likkle ting, see if you can really sing. Is twenty-odd man Jakes bring wid him - Jakes bring him band with drummer and horns section and everything," Roger Lewis with tears in his eyes said.

"Jakes evolved as a folk hero. He had such magnetism, a simple roots way that made him popular with the masses. Jakes used to always mek us drop him at the top of Rousseau Road, never at his house. One day I go to pick him up.

Yuh see when I turn into the yard, there was a house with no gate, I went up to the so-called verandah and front door, a likkle youth come out and point towards where Jakes was living, on the side of the house, a built-on section with no windows, a zinc roof, unrendered concrete walls and a single cot on which Jakes was sleeping.

And I said to myself, this youth walk around everyday, and laughing all the time, not a wrinkle on his face and this is where him sleep. And I seh come man Jakes, let's go, we a go a di house. Even though he was poor, he never had in his mind any element of criminality.

Jakes' mother used to be a bus conductress on a 'Jolly' bus. Jakes used to go on the bus, right where the driver is and sing and entertain the bus. Elvis Presley business and them ting deh. In his mind he never looked down on that. And him come back come sing 'bout Rousseau Road, 21A in the tune Jolly Joseph, Ian Lewis said
Jacob Miller's and Inner Circle's first major hit was Tenement Yard (1976).

"We sold over 70,000 copies of that song, pressing it ourselves. I remember when we started first, we gave it to Pat Cooper - Pat was the first person we carried that tune to. When we'd press 2,000 and give it to Pat on the Friday, by Tuesday those would be finished. To show you, when a man can seh him sell 4,000 records is a hit in Jamaica, back then when you can sell 100,000, that's how much people were buying music."

A number of other hits are credited to this group of musicians including Forward Jah Jah Children, A Chapter A Day and We A Rockers, the title track from the 1978 movie Rockers, which also featured the band playing an up-tempo version of Tenement Yard and most memorably Miller himself in an amusing acting role.
Even with these accomplishments, Roger and Ian feel that they have not received their just due, locally.

"The Peace Concert of 1978, which we put together ourselves along with Tommy - all the equipment, everything - nearly every piece of equipment on that stage was ours. We were bridging the gap between the classes, between uptown and downtown.

At that time, when a man a seh Rasta, at least 30% of Twelve Tribes were white uptown Jamaicans and Chinese. Everyone was actively weaving the social fabric of Jamaica. It was a lifestyle, it was every single day, it wasn't something that happened once in a while, it was a constant vibe."

Yet, another transitional period would ensue with the passing of the front man with the smooth voice. Jacob "Jakes" Miller who had endeared himself along with Inner Circle to the Jamaican masses had died and gloom descended.

"You have to live and understand who Jacob Miller was..everything was going magnificent. We had just signed to Island Records, which was home to Bob Marley and Third World after doing two albums with Capitol Records," Roger remembered.

"Chris Blackwell was marrying us together with Bob, but he was putting us out as a more edgier band. Chris met us in England and put us up, like we were his sons. That was 1979," Ian said.

In March 1980, after that initial meeting, Jacob died in a car accident.
The group was in limbo, coming out of Jacob's untimely passing and would take until 1986 to regroup. This time joined by vocalist Carlton Coffie, they would again make headway onto the international scene with their 1987 song Bad Boys.

"Bad Boys was a cut from the album, One Way. We were approached about using the song on the soundtrack of what we initially thought was a docudrama or a pilot for FOX television, Roger said.

That 'pilot' turned out to be a box office busting movie starring comedians Will Smith (Fresh Prince) and Martin Lawrence, of the same name (1993). The exposure spiralled the song to the top of the US R&B charts and subsequently earned them a Grammy. Shortly thereafter Sweat from the album Bad To The Bone became another big hit for the group.

Currently the brothers reside in Florida, running their Circle Sound Studios which are often utilised by some big names in reggae, dancehall and hip hop including Sly and Robbie, Shaggy, Elephant Man, Cash Money, Puff Daddy, Kanye West, Neptunes, Lauryn Hill, TLC, 50 Cent, Mariah Carey and Lenny Kravitz.

"It's more than a studio; it's a mixture of food and culture, among other things. It's the perfect way for us to establish working relationships with Jamaica, especially the younger generation and keep the continuity of the music," Roger Lewis said.

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Sunday, 24 July 2005

Summer Events Hold big Potential for Jamaican Tourism

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Entertainment
By Charles H E Campbell
Sunday, July 24, 2005

We are now at the peak of the traditional summer and cultural entertainment programme with Reggae Sumfest culminating this weekend, the Denbigh 'Agricultural' show being staged from July 30 to August 1 and the Jamaica Festival events already in high swing.

In addition to these three super annual festivals during this season, there are a number of other signature events being organised, like Fully Loaded today, which each summer make our cultural calendar very exciting.

Potentially, this makes a Jamaican summer vacation very attractive to our Jamaican diasporic community and visitors from all over the world, and this year the Denbigh 'Agricultural' show has a Caribbean tent inclusive of participants from Canada, Cayman, St Martin, Trinidad and Tobago, Bermuda and Barbados.

As a nation, it is time we begin to seriously consider formalising some degree of harmonisation of all these successful products into one summer cultural and entertainment package for marketing and advertising of the destination abroad. Just last week I read where Cybelle Brown, vice-president of sales and marketing for Black Entertainment Television (BET) Digital Networks said, "the culture of the Caribbean is infectious and well-known the world over".

It was said in response to a call on Caribbean governments to place arts, culture and music at the top of their tourism agenda, made by the outgoing president of the Caribbean Hotel Association, Bertha Parle, at the recent Caribbean Hotel Industry Conference in Miami. This applies even more so to Jamaica.

Last week, however, all the talk has been about Sumfest, especially as it relates to Dancehall Night. Since the exclusion of Bounty Killer and Beenie Man from the line-up, at the behest of title sponsors Red Stripe, everyone was holding their breaths in anticipation of the audience support, level of performances and general vibes which would manifest on Thursday, July 28.

In the absence of Dancehall's four biggest gate pullers locally, including Vybz Cartel and TOK, I must admit that I was very fearful of the inevitable adverse impact on ticket sales, in light of Sting's fall in attendance last Boxing Day.

This concern motivated the subject of my column on June 12, 2005 - 'Self Regulate Or Perish' - in which I stated that it was high time that we become proactive and begin some sort of self regulation, rather than always being forced to resort to reactive measures whenever external forces apply pressure.

I was concerned then about the approach of banning artistes, as opposed to banning their offensive behaviour. This cannot be a realistic solution to our problem.

With all the other capriciousness a promoter has to contemplate in staging a festival such as Reggae Sumfest, ultimately there is always a critical mass known as market appeal, the real potential of likely patrons who will support the event, to put on the other side of the equation.

Furthermore, the industry players have become more enlightened recently. Regardless of the "seh feh" outbursts, proper contractual guidelines can be established and agreed to by promoters and artistes' managers, as well as the artistes themselves.

For example, recently it was reported that all entertainers going to Canada are required to sign a declaration stating that while in Canada they will not engage in activities that advocate the hatred of persons because of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex or sexual orientation.

When asked to comment on this requirement, Beenie Man's manager, Patrick Roberts, said "I don't have a problem with that because as long as you are going to a city, you must comply with the rules there".

In analysing the Sumfest experience this year, they started with additional freight and shipping costs, because whereas usually their technical equipment is shipped from the USA to Jamaica by sea, half-way to Cayman one shipment had to return to Miami because of deteriorating weather conditions due to the impending storm Dennis, while another never left port due to Hurricane Emily.

The promoters eventually had to fly all this equipment in at a much higher cost. It is unfortunate, therefore, that because of a weakened line-up their audience for Dancehall Night was literally reduced to about 8,000 patrons or less than half of last year's attendance. Furthermore, without the customary challenge, the performances from many of the Dancehall artistes were lacklustre.

The consensus is that Sizzla was the star of the night, with Lady Saw, Turbulence, Assassin and Chuck Fenda doing good stints on stage.

Elephant Man's performance was flat and minus his usual high-energy output, and Capleton was woefully out of tune and out of form. Some people feel that this year's Dancehall Night produced the poorest attendance and most boring performances in the history of Sumfest.

The audience feedback for International Night 1 is much better, with Sanchez being crowned as the act whose performance excelled, along with Morgan Heritage, Richie Spice and Akon.

It does not seem, however, that from the promoters' perspective there is a lot to celebrate, because the audience on Friday was less than 4,000 people. So far, small audiences have been the main trend this year for Sumfest, because the Rockers' Night, held on Wednesday at Pier One, did not attract a full house either. Crooner Gregory Isaacs was a no-show on this night also.

The lack of public empathy for promoters bothers me, especially when they experience troughs such as this, because the image of them portrayed by people like Ian Boyne is that "these fellows don't care a damn about how they project us to the world" and "concerned as they are, only about raking in money and pulling crowds".

Knowing Sumfest directors personally, I can say categorically that the tone and the essence of those statements are untrue and uncalled for.

This may be another classic example where although the promoter suffers a financial loss, the national economy gains, as Summerfest Productions chairman Robert Russell estimates that $310 million will be injected into the Jamaican economy benefiting business owners in the resort towns, including vendors, taxi operators, restaurants, night clubs, car rental agencies and hotels at a cost of over $60 million to the promoters.

Before closing, I wish to say a little bit more about the Denbigh Agricultural Show. In addition to their daily agricultural and agro-industry exhibitions and displays, patrons attending each day will, for their same entry fee, be entertained at nightly events.

On Saturday, July 30, they will have the grand coronation show where 13 parish contestants will vie for the National Farm Queen title.

On Sunday, there is a gospel concert and on Monday the Rising Stars contestants will give a full performance. It is interesting to note that this is again the largest annual event in Jamaica, attracting more than 70,000 patrons islandwide last year.

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Sunday, 17 July 2005

Album Review: TOK's Unknown Language

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Well-crafted and unique
By Charles H E Campbell Observer writer
Sunday, July 17, 2005

The tradition continues, with succeeding generations producing astounding results. There are significant parallels between TOK, as a dancehall singing group, and many of the singing groups that emerged in the embryonic stage of the evolution of reggae music.

For instance, TOK describes themselves as 'Dancehall's number one rude bwoy band'. Music aficionados will of course associate this with the 1960s image and themes of groups like the Wailing Wailers, on whom were conferred a similar mantle.

It is interesting too how the continued cross-fertilisation of North American music styles with our own is manifested in various musical offerings from TOK on this album. This is in like fashion to Jamaican groups of previous eras, who initially patterned their singing styles after such groups as the Impressions.

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Certainly too, TOK has crafted and projected a very contemporary urban youth image, packaged and ready for export, in quite the same manner that many of our earlier singing groups incorporated the dominant universal fashions and movements of their era into their image and songs. This is where, however, the comparisons end.

On Unknown Language, TOK has creatively interwoven the deejay parts of each song to synchronise in harmony with singing voices and the structure of the music.

For those with any appreciation of the art form, there is nothing sweeter than a deejay riding a "riddim" in perfect harmony. This is quite unlike what prevails on our airwaves where tone deaf deejays, who cannot even distinguish a beat much less accompany a note, continue to bombard our eardrums daily.

All 16 songs - yes real songs with chorus and all - are unique. Each one has strains of different musical influences and stylings: R&B - She's Hotter (track 4), Music's Pumping (track 9) and Tell Me If You Still Care (track 5), Soca - Fire Fire (track 3), Reggae - Footprints (track 6), Revival - Wha Gwaan (track 7) and Dancehall - Hey Ladies (track 1) and Solid As A Rock (track 2).

Of course, as fans of TOK have come to expect, we get a preponderance of Rap/Hip Hop permeating the album.

Expected since 2004, this long-awaited album from TOK has finally hit the streets. It is being suggested in the music industry circles that the delay in its release is connected to the international boycott campaign against them by the British gay rights advocate group, Outrage!.

Whether that is so or not, happily, TOK's lyrics on their new Unknown Language albumprojects a more complex and mature perspective on issues other than those we have come to associate them with. In other words, Unknown Language includes more social commentary than is customary for them.

Characteristically though, the album is substantially light-hearted party music and many of the songs are predominantly about and targeted at their female fans.

In the best traditions of reggae music, however, interspersed with many songs are references to folk parables and adopted lines from Jamaican folk songs. In Wha Gwaan, TOK expresses the group's rejection of the havoc being wreaked on the society by crime, especially gun violence.

To quote, "Jamaica, Jamaica, Jamaica, land we love, Mi nuh like wah gwaan, Too much innocent a dead, wha gwaan, And outta road a run red, Somebody tell me wha gwaan inna Jam down, A coulda wha gwaan. 24 days and 90 man dead, Man a cut all pickney t'roat inna bed, Man weh did calm nowadays get dread, Cyaan believe a so Jam down a run red, Mi waah fi know a wha fly inna dem head, Why dem nuh put down the copper and the lead, Used to weddy weddy now a deady instead, Too much violence and too much bloodshed".

Of profound importance to the success of this album, is the fact that 10 of the songs included had previously been released and continue to receive good rotation on the airwaves.

In that regard, their most successful single of the lot in Jamaica to date is the song Footprints, which has also topped music charts in New York and South Florida.

As far as packaging is concerned, it is worthy of note that other than a mention of the 303 band in the acknowledgements, no separate credit is given to musicians, although appropriate production credits are assigned to individual producers, writers and publishers of each song.

Is it a consolidation of the age and tools of technology? Whatever, this album will please a sufficiently wide cross-section of music collectors to qualify for its relative success, if it is adequately promoted by VP Records, the distributors.

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Sunday, 10 July 2005

Come 'Ketch Di Vibes'

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Entertainment
By Charles H E Campbell Observer writer
Sunday, July 10, 2005

Festival is in and on the air. For the first time in this PNP government's terms of office (1989 - 2005), I can honestly say that even I 'ketch di vibes'. I must congratulate the Jamaica Cultural Development Commission (JCDC) team, headed by Marcia Hextall and Delroy Gordon for doing a fantastic job.

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Yellowman

Ably assisted by Yasmine Salmon-Russell, they have brilliantly repackaged, re-imaged, marketed and are promoting the islandwide festival competitions and events to the point where for the first time, in what seems like eons, they are prominent in all the daily newspapers, on radio and TV.

This year, Jamaica Festival is again centre stage in our entertainment calendar and the results (predicted success) of JCDC's efforts should be larger audiences at the Independence celebration events which commence next weekend Saturday, July 16, with the Miss Jamaica Festival Queen Pageant.

I have long held the view that the JCDC events commemorating our Independence anniversaries have been grossly shortchanged due to insufficient private sector sponsorship and promotion.

While the Jamaican private sector gripes vocally about the influence of the dons and their interconnectedness to inner city communities, criminality, drugs and ultimately money-laundering activities through participation in the local entertainment industry, the root cause for this development has to be laid squarely at the feet of our captains of commerce and industry because of their disregard.

It is precisely their lack of critical support and adequate sponsorship of the performing arts, reggae/dancehall in particular, that created the vacuum in the music industry, filled by the proceeds of the drug trade primarily for laundering objectives for the last 22 years.

In this environment the events organised by the public sector have languished. It is not because- as is traditionally perceived- the bureaucrats and technocrats of the public sector are unimaginative, uncreative or lack the managerial skills.

Rather, it is because we have been operating in a new paradigm ever since the penetration of technological gadgets, the expansion and diversification of media, the maturing of the private entertainment sector - regardless of its origins - and the dawning of the age of mass culture globally. In this context, the JCDC cannot compete without significant sponsorship from the private sector.

For example, in today's market, unless you are prepared to spend between 25% - 40% of your production budget on an advertising and promotional campaign, your event is destined for failure.

This is one of the areas in which JCDC has not been able to compete, even though their productions are generally of superior quality to the average private sector-promoted event.

This has not always been so. For the consecutive years 1981 to 1986, the Ministry of Culture led by Edward Seaga and Olivia 'Babsy' Grange, aggressively sought and successfully garnered huge financial support from the private sector for Festival and Independence celebrations.

This enabled them to revive and stage many of the grand Independence spectacles which had been scaled down in the 1970s. The Grand Gala and Float/Costume Parade on Independence Day were lifted to a 'higher level' (pun intended).

If I may share an anecdote, some readers may remember that this new team in 1981, absolutely in sync with the popular culture emerging at the time, boldly established the popular DJ competition.

This was such a fillip to the career of the first winner of the contest, Yellowman, that he rode the wave of popularity to eventually become the first homegrown Jamaican Dancehall superstar.

In 1986, Yellowman, above all other acts of the night's billing, made attendance and Reggae Sunsplash's Dancehall Night, so large that the festival did not ever return to Jarrett Park after that year, because the park could no longer accommodate the size of the audience.

But back to the subject at hand. After 1986, Festival sponsorship began to taper off until it dwindled to a trickle. Unfortunately, since 1989, although the 'party of culture' has made valiant attempts in some years, these have essentially sputtered.

They have not been able to sustain these events consistently because of the lack of private sector sponsorship and critical mass support.

This year, however, we are witnessing a turn-around of fortunes for Festival 2005. It seems that finally, and genuinely, there might be a new beginning. In association with the JCDC, sections of the private sector are stepping up to the plate and putting money where their mouths are.

The following companies lead the way in regards to demonstrable commitment and cash support. They must be loudly congratulated for this initiative and urged to continue.

Among the current sponsors of Festival 2005 are Grace ($5 million), Lasco ($3 million), Capital and Credit Financial Group ($3 million) and Cable and Wireless B-Mobile ($3 million).
I noticed also that this year, for the first time, there is the significant innovative development of JCDC having a formal media partnership with the Jamaica Observer.

As a consequence, Festival 2005 gets its own special weekly section in the popular Do-Go-See weekly pull out entertainment guide.

But this is still just a splash - slightly more than a drop - in the bucket. Many more of our corporate entities need to get involved in the ensuing years, if we are serious about reversing the antisocial tide.

After all, among other sponsors, it is reputed that the title sponsor Red Stripe is endorsing Reggae Sumfest to the tune of JA$18.6 million.

This is not to take anything away from this deal, because Sumfest needs and deserves this level of private sector sponsorship as do other quality local events.

Where however, has the patriotism of our local private sector been hiding all these years? Was their initial surge of support in the 1980s merely political expediency?

The Festival movement is the only indigenous organisation we have which is continuously providing us with a dynamic overview of our cultural and artistic pool of talent.

In the process they are responsible for unearthing, developing, exposing and nationally rewarding the talents of our children (in schools) and young adults (in rural and urban communities), while promoting the retention of traditional cultural forms.

These are the Jamaicans that have chosen to express themselves artistically within the social system. We are already reaping the whirlwind of not giving them adequate financial endorsement, so we now very well know their alternatives. Manifest around us is the unbridled, unbecoming antisocial behaviour which results when their talents are not given succour by the establishment.

Let us not just applaud, but reward the efforts of JCDC and the investments of the sponsors in the only way that ultimately matters. I urge all Jamaicans - especially those residing in Kingston and St. Andrew - to attend the events and cheer on the participants who have excelled under the rigours of stiff islandwide competition.

They deserve our support and you will be as amazed at their training, creativity, resilience and highly developed artistic skills as you will be at the diversity and genius of Jamaica's cultural heritage and product. Come 'ketch di vibes'.. See you there.

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